ABSTRACT
Detailed knowledge on tissue-specific metabolic reprogramming in diabetic nephropathy (DN) is vital for more accurate understanding the molecular pathological signature and developing novel therapeutic strategies. In the present study, a spatial-resolved metabolomics approach based on air flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization (AFADESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) integrated mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) was proposed to investigate tissue-specific metabolic alterations in the kidneys of high-fat diet-fed and streptozotocin (STZ)-treated DN rats and the therapeutic effect of astragaloside IV, a potential anti-diabetic drug, against DN. As a result, a wide range of functional metabolites including sugars, amino acids, nucleotides and their derivatives, fatty acids, phospholipids, sphingolipids, glycerides, carnitine and its derivatives, vitamins, peptides, and metal ions associated with DN were identified and their unique distribution patterns in the rat kidney were visualized with high chemical specificity and high spatial resolution. These region-specific metabolic disturbances were ameliorated by repeated oral administration of astragaloside IV (100 mg/kg) for 12 weeks. This study provided more comprehensive and detailed information about the tissue-specific metabolic reprogramming and molecular pathological signature in the kidney of diabetic rats. These findings highlighted the promising potential of AFADESI and MALDI integrated MSI based metabolomics approach for application in metabolic kidney diseases.
ABSTRACT
Understanding of the nephrotoxicity induced by drug candidates is vital to drug discovery and development. Herein, an metabolomics method based on air flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AFADESI-MSI) was established for direct analysis of metabolites in renal tissue sections. This method was subsequently applied to investigate spatially resolved metabolic profile changes in rat kidney after the administration of aristolochic acid I, a known nephrotoxic drug, aimed to discover metabolites associated with nephrotoxicity. As a result, 38 metabolites related to the arginine-creatinine metabolic pathway, the urea cycle, the serine synthesis pathway, metabolism of lipids, choline, histamine, lysine, and adenosine triphosphate were significantly changed in the group treated with aristolochic acid I. These metabolites exhibited a unique distribution in rat kidney and a good spatial match with histopathological renal lesions. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying aristolochic acids nephrotoxicity and demonstrates that AFADESI-MSI-based metabolomics is a promising technique for investigation of the molecular mechanism of drug toxicity.
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Objective: To examine the characteristics of childhood traumatic experiences in borderline personality disorder (BPD) in college students. Methods: The Personality Diagnosis Questionnaire-~(4+) (PDQ-~(4+)), Personality Disorder Interview- Ⅳ (PDI - Ⅳ) and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire -28 Short Form (CTQ-SF) were administered to 3227 college students of sophomore and junior. Results: (1) In the investigation of PDQ-~(4+), 31 subjects with childhood traumatic experiences (0.96%) were diagnosed as BPD, and the total score of BDL sub-scale was (2. 62 ± 1.70), including 18 females and 13 males. In CTQ test, the scores of bad environment in females were significantly higher than that in males [(13.63±4.54) vs. (9.83±1.95), P<0.01] . (2) Subjects with BPD got higher scores than normal controls in CTQ-SF, such as the emotional abuse [(2.11 ±0.77) vs. (1.66±0.49), P<0.01] .Conclusion: college students with borderline personality disorder mostly have d different childhood traumatic experiences, and there exists a sex difference.
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Objective:To investigate the Psychosomatic symptoms and coping styles and their influences on quality of life in chronic Hepatitis B.Methods:The Chronic Hepatitis Disease Questionnair(CLDQ),Symptoms Checklist(SCL-90) and Medical Coping Modes Questionnair(MCMQ) were administered to 152 Chronic Hepatitis B.Results:The scores of SCL-90 of the patients were found to be different from the norm and the normal controls and negatively correlated with scores of CLDQ for all domains.The patients had a lower Confronce score and higher Avoidance and Acceptance-Resignation scores compared with the norm,and there was negative correlation between the scores of negative coping styles and the quality of life.Conclusion:The psychosomatic symptoms and the negative coping styles of chronic Hepatitis B can influence their quality of life.
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Objective: To study the defense style of undergraduates with cluster B personality disorders. Methods:26 undergraduates with cluster B personality disorders were diagnosed by PDQ~ +4 and PDI from 2826 undergraduates, then they and 63 normal undergraduates were assessed with DSQ (defensive style questionnaire). Results: ①The incidence of histrionic, narcissistic, borderline and antisocial personality disorders were 0.25%?0.50%?0.39% and 0.11% .②The undergraduates with B cluster personality disorder had higher scores in immature defenses and idealization, omnipotenic-devaluation and isolation than normal control (t=3.18-7.03)(P
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the prevalence of Cluster-B personality disorders in university students. Methods: 1. Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ+4) was administered to a sample which consisted of 3140 university students to screen personality disorder subjects. Cluster-B personality disorder subjects were finally diagnosed by conducting bland semi structured interview using Personality Disorder Interview-IV (PDI-IV) four to six weeks after the first administration. Results: The total prevalence of Cluster-B personality disorders among 3140 subjects of university students was 1.21% with 38 subjects met the diagnostic criteria of Cluster-B personality disorders. One female subject met the criteria of Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD), 21 Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), 20 Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD), and 8 Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD). The prevalence of BPD, NPD and HPD were 0.67%, 0.64% and 0.25% respectively. Ten subjects met the criteria of more than one personality disorder; the comorbidity rate was 26.3%. Conclusion: The prevalence of Cluster-B personality disorder in university students is lower than in general population reported by foreign researchers.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the symptomatology of cluster-B personality disorders from perspective of the Five-Factor Model (FFM).Methods:PDQ +4 was administered to college students and minor criminals to screen cluster-B subjects, Cluster-B patients were then diagnosed by conducting interview using PDI-IV.FFM of the subjects are measured with NEO-PI-R.Results:Cluster-B patients scored higher in Neuroticism(62.0?10.6), and lower in, Agreeableness(38.4?11.5) and Conscientiousness (38.4?11.2)than normal adult.Extraversion(45.9?11.5)and Openness to Experience(45.0?9.3)are near the lower limits.Bivariate analysis between PDI-Ⅳ and NEO-PI-R showed that APD negatively correlated with Agreeableness (r=-0.25,P